Aurora
YES Program 2002
The Dangers of Space Weather

     The solar winds that create the beautiful auroral lights that so many people enjoy can also cause severe problems that most people do not think about when they are watching the amazing colors painted in the sky. The truth is, solar winds are basically huge waves of ratiation flying through space. This can interfere with the operations of satellites and interrupt the functions of electric power grids on the ground.

     When the radiation from solar flares sweeps past our planet electrons fall toward earth and create a current in the upper atmosphere called the auroral electrojet. The auroral electrojet can cause fluctuations in the geomagnetic field which can cause electrical surges in power lines on the ground.

     Satellites are also in danger from radiation because when the radiation wave hits a satellite the surface becomes charged which can cause sparks and potentially short-circuit the electronics inside the satellite. Also the solar winds cause the earth's atmosphere to heat up and expand which can ultimately cause a satellite to lose altitude and fall in to the earth's atmosphere.

     Astronauts come in to contact with a lot of radiation that can be detrimental to their health. As the international space station is being built space radiation is becoming a major issue. Astronauts have to plan their space walks so as to avoid as much radiation as possible and because of all the radiation that they come encounter with they have been classified as radiation workers by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

     Pilots and flight attendants also have to be careful of the radiation caused by the solar winds. The magnetosphere protects us from the radiation but at the poles there are holes in it so the radiation can get in more easily. If a flight is going to go over one of the poles and there is a solar flare, the flight would be canceled due to the health dangers of excessive radiation exposure.

     Don't worry though; the harmful radiation is stopped by our atmosphere at an altitude of about 20 to 30 kilometers so you won't be in trouble if you go to the beach or the north pole if there is a solar flare.

    Scientific America
    The Fury of Space Storms
    By: James L. Burch
    April 2001

-Researched by: Christina


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